Ni ibihe bintu nyamukuru biranga .Ivyuma bikoreshwa n'umuyaga, n’ingene wocira urubanza uburyo amavalve y’umuyaga akora .
Ibirango nyamukuru vy'imipfunda y'umuyaga
Igikoresho c’amazi, nk’igikoresho co gukoresha mu gukoresha umuyoboro, ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu guhindura uburebure bw’umusaraba-bw’inzira n’inzira y’uruja n’uruza rw’amazi, no kugenzura ingendo y’amazi agenda. Ibiranga cane ni:
1. Ivyuka biva hanze birazibirwa rwose, ivyuka biva imbere biroroshe kugenzura, kandi ntaco bihungabanya gukoresha. Gusohoka kw’amazi imbere n’inyuma y’amavalve ni kimwe mu bintu bishobora gutuma umuntu agira umutekano mu gushiramwo amazi ku kibanza. Ayandi mavalve, nk’amavalve yigenzura, akenshi arambura uruti rw’amavalve maze akagenzura uguhinduka canke ukugenda kw’umurongo w’amavalve hakoreshejwe ibikoresho vy’umuyagankuba, ivy’umuyaga canke vy’amazi. Ivyo bisaba gutorera umuti ingorane y’ugusohoka hanze kw’ikidodo c’inguvu c’uruti rw’ivyuma bitewe n’ugukora kw’igihe kirekire-. Ico gikoresho gikora mu gukoresha inguvu z’umuyagankuba ku gipfukisho c’icuma gipfutse mu gipfukisho c’umuyagankuba. Nta kidodo gikora, rero ukuvuza hanze birashobora gufunga. Nk’akarorero, kubera ko amavalve y’umuyagankuba adashobora gucungera umuvuduko muto, arashobora gusohoka imbere mu mubiri kandi yoshobora mbere guca umutwe w’uruti rw’amavalve. Ico gikoresho gifise ubuhinga bworoshe, kirakingira neza, kandi kiroroshe kugenzura ukuntu amazi asohoka imbere. Ku bw’ivyo, ugereranije n’izindi nkoko, izo nkoko zikoreshwa n’umuyaga ziratekanye cane kandi zirabereye mbere no gukoresha ibintu bishobora gutera ubumara, ubumara canke ibintu bifise ubushuhe bwinshi canke buke.
2. Igikoresho ca solenoide ubwaco gifise ubuhinga bworoshe kandi gifise igiciro gito. Biroroshe gushiramwo no kubibungabunga kuruta ibindi bikoresho bikora, nk’ibikoresho bigenzura. Ikiruta vyose, uburyo bwo kugenzura bwikora buhingura bworoshe. Kubera ko iyo valve ya solenoïde igenzurwa n’ikimenyetso c’umuyagankuba, birabereye cane kuyifatanya na orodinateri igenzura ivy’inganda.
3. Irakora vyihuta, ikoresha amashanyarazi make, kandi ikaba idakomeye cane. Igihe co kwishura c’ibikoresho vy’umuyaga gishobora kuba kigufi nk’amamilisegonda makeyi, kandi mbere n’ibikoresho vy’umuyaga bikoreshwa n’umudereva-bishobora kugenzurwa mu masegonda mirongo. Kubera ko ikora umurongo wigira -, isubiza neza kurusha izindi nzira zigenzura zikora. Igikoresho co gukoresha umuyagankuba gikoreshwa neza-gifise ubushobozi buke cane kandi ni igikoresho co kuzigama inguvu-. Biciye ku ntunganyo ibereye y’uruzitiro, birashobora kandi gushika ku buryo ikibanza c’umuvuduko w’amazi gishobora kugumaho ubwaco gusa mu gutuma igikorwa gikora, kandi ntikikoresha ububasha mu bihe bisanzwe. Inyungu nini kuruta izindi zose z’amavalve y’umuyaga (Pneumatic solenoid valves) ni uko ari mato cane hanze, ivyo bikaba bitazigama umwanya gusa, ariko kandi bikaba biremerera kandi bikaba biteye igomwe.
Kuraba.
4. Ivyo guhindura ukuri kw’igenzura birafise aho bigarukira, kandi ntibikoreshwa ku binyamakuru bimwebimwe. Amavalve y’umuyaga akenshi agira ibintu bibiri gusa: gufungura n’ugufunga. Ico gikoresho gishobora kuba gusa mu bibanza bibiri birengeje urugero kandi ntigishobora gukomeza guhindurwa (hari ivyiyumviro vyinshi bishasha bigerageza guca, ariko vyose biracari mu rwego rwo kugerageza no kugerageza gukoresha). Ku bw’ivyo, uguhindura ibintu ata co bihinduye birafise aho bigarukira. Igikoresho c’amazi gifise ibisabwa vyinshi cane ku bijanye n’isuku ry’ivyo bikoresho. Ntibibereye ku binyamakuru birimwo ibice. Nimba hariho ibintu bihumanye, bitegerezwa kubanza gucungururwa. Ikindi, kubera ko ibinyamakuru bifise uburemere budashobora gukoreshwa, urutonde rw’ibimenyeshamakuru bishobora gukoreshwa ni ruto cane.
5. Ivyitegererezo bitandukanye n’ibikorwa vyagutse. Naho amavalve y’umuyaga afise utunenge, ivyiza vyayo biracariho cane. Ku bw’ivyo, zihinguwe zikaba ibintu vyinshi bitandukanye kugira ngo zishitse ku bikenewe bitandukanye kandi zifise ibikorwa vyinshi cane. Iterambere ry’ubuhinga bwa solenoïde valve na ryo nyene ryishimikije ingene umuntu yotsinda intege nke zisanzwe afise be n’ingene yokoresha neza inyungu zisanzwe afise. Uvuye ku ngingo ngenderwako y’ibikorwa, ingene bimeze, n’ibiranga amavalve y’umuyaga, imiterere y’amavalve y’umuyaga ni yoroshe, kandi uburyo bwo gukora ntibugoye. Igihe cose igishushanyo coba ari ciza kandi igikorwa co gukora kikaba ari co co kwizigirwa mu gihe c’ikoreshwa risanzwe, muri rusangi nta ngorane zibaho. Vyongeye, iyo ikoreshejwe mu buryo busanzwe, kubera ko ata n’ibishashi canke ubushuhe buteye akaga biva, ubushobozi bwo gutuma ikintu giturika burake cane. Ariko iyo ari mu gihe c’amakosa, kubera ukubura uburinzi bukenewe, ubushobozi bw’uko iyo valve ya solenoide ishobora gutuma haba ingorane yo guturika buzokwongerekana cane.
Ii. Uko wocira urubanza uburyo bw'umuvuduko w'umuyagankuba
Uko umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba umeze ahanini bivana n’ibintu bibiri: umurongo w’umuyagankuba n’umubiri w’umuyagankuba. Ico kigeragezo rero gikwiye kwibanda canecane kuri ivyo bintu bibiri. Ushobora kuronka umuriro wa 24V ukawufatanya n’icoil. Iyo ushobora kwumva ijwi, vyerekana ko coil n’umurongo w’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma. Hanyuma usuzume nimba hariho ikintu kiva. Niba hariho isoko ya gazi, ni vyiza ko uyifatanya ataco uhinduye, maze ugashobora kumenya nimba hariho aho iva. Nimba ata gazi iva, funga aho umuyaga uva, uwufuhe n’akanwa kawe. Ikindi, iyo coil irashobora kandi gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe igipimo c’uburemere.
1. Shira umuyagankuba kuri valve ya solenoïde, ukureho umuriro, hanyuma ukoreshe igipimo c’umuyagankuba kugira ngo upime nimba hari umuyagankuba.
2. Iyo solenoide valve ifunguye, uzane umugozi w’icuma mutoyi hafi y’ico coil kugira ngo urabe nimba hariho ukunyota.
3. Subiramwo kugerageza umuyagankuba w’amazi mu kuwufungura no kuwuzimya. Koresha urufunguzo rwiza cane rwa Allen kugira ngo utere "ico kinogo gito" mw'ibara ry'umuringa riri ku nzira y'umurongo w'ivyuma vy'amazi kugira ngo urabe nimba gishobora kunyobwa no gusohoka.
Uburyo bwo kumenya uburyo bw’ibikoresho vy’umuyaga:
First, connect the medium to be controlled (pressurized liquid, gas < air >, n’agaciro k’umuvuduko kari hagati y’urugero rw’umuvuduko w’ibikorwa vy’umuvuduko w’amazi) ku muvuduko w’amazi, hanyuma ugatanga inguvu ku muvuduko w’amazi. Iyo ikintu gicunzwe gihindutse kuva ku gufungura gushika ku gufunga canke kuva ku gufunga gushika ku gufunga, rero iyo valve ya solenoide iba iri mu mimerere myiza; ahandi ho, hari ingorane.
Amakosa asanzwe y'imipfunda y'umuyaga
1. Umurongo muto canke umurongo wuguruye w'umurongo w'umurongo
Uburyo bwo kumenya: Ubwa mbere, pima uko iri -zimye ukoresheje igipimo c'umubare. Iyo agaciro k'uburemere bwegereye zero canke ubutagira urugero, vyerekana ko iyo coil ifise umurongo mugufi- canke yuguruye-izunguruka. Iyo agaciro k’uburemere bugereranywa ari akasanzwe (nk’ama ohms makeyi), ntibisigura ko iyo coil iri mu mimerere myiza. Turagusavye ukore iki kigeragezo ca nyuma gikurikira: Rondera akavunji gatoyi maze ukagashire hafi y’inkoni y’icuma yinjijwe biciye mu nzira y’umuvuduko w’amazi. Hanyuma ushire ubushobozi ku nzira y’amazi. Iyo wumvise umuyagankuba, umugozi w’ivyuma vy’amazi (solenoïde valve coil) uri mu mimerere myiza; ahandi ho, riravunitse. Umuti: Subirizaho umurongo w’ivyuma vy’amazi.
2. Hari ikibazo c'umuriro/isokete
Igikoresho c’amakosa: Iyo umupfunda w’amashanyarazi ari uwo mu bwoko bufise igipfukisho/igipfukisho, hashobora kubaho ingorane nk’igipfukisho c’icuma c’igipfukisho canke amashanyarazi ari ku gipfukisho (nk’akarorero, umugozi w’amashanyarazi ufatanye n’umurongo wo hasi), ivyo bikaba bibuza amashanyarazi gushika ku gipfukisho. Ni vyiza kugira akamenyero: iyo igipfukisho kimaze kwinjira mu gipfukisho, ushireko igipfukisho co gufatanya; inyuma y’aho iyo coil yinjijwe mu nkoni y’umutima w’ivalve, ushireko umugozi wo gufatanya.
Iyo igipfukisho c’umurongo w’ivyuma vy’amazi gifise itara ry’ikimenyetso c’ububasha bw’umuyagankuba, rero iyo ukoresheje ubushobozi bwa DC kugira ngo utware ivyuma vy’amazi, utegerezwa gufatanywa neza; ahandi ho, itara ry’ikimenyetso ntirizokwaka. Ikindi, ntuhindure amatara y’umuriro n’ibimenyetso vy’umuriro-ibitanga umuyagankuba vy’ingero zitandukanye z’umuriro. Ivyo bishobora gutuma umuco-utanga umuyagankuba uturika/ugaca mu nzira igufi-umuyagankuba (uhindure ukoreshe umuyagankuba uri ku rugero rwo hasi) canke umuco usohoka ugoyagoya cane w’umuyagankuba-utanga umuyagankuba (uhindure ukoreshe umuyagankuba uri ku rugero rwo hejuru).
Iyo ata rumuri rwerekana ubushobozi, polarite y’umurongo w’ivyuma vy’amazi ntikeneye gutandukanywa (bitandukanye n’ibikoresho vy’igihe ca transistor bifise umuriro w’umurongo wa DC n’ibikoresho vyo hagati bifise umuriro w’umurongo wa DC n’umurongo w’amazi w’amazi (diode/resistor leakage circuits) bihuye mu buryo buhuye n’umurongo w’amazi (vyinshi muri ivyo bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none ni polari imwe y’i Buyapani).
Umuti: Kosora amakosa y’amawaya, usanure canke usubirizeho amapompi n’amasokete.
3. Ikibazo nyamukuru c'umuvuduko
Igikoresho c’Ikosa 1: Iyo umuvuduko w’ikintu gica mu nzira y’amazi ari usanzwe, gukanda buto itukura y’amaboko y’inzira y’amazi ntibitera inyishu iyo ari yo yose (umuvuduko w’amazi ntugaragaza ihinduka ry’ugufunga-kuzima), bikaba vyerekana ko umuvuduko w’amazi utegerezwa kuba ufise amakosa. Umuti: Suzuma nimba hari ibibazo n’ivyo bikoresho, nk’aho yoba hari amazi menshi yirundanira mu muyaga ufunze (rimwe na rimwe amavuta-itandukanya amazi nta ruhara runini rigira, cane cane iyo umubumbe w’imiyoboro ari mubi, hazoba amazi menshi yirundanira mu muyaga ufunze) ubuhumane buri mu mazi ariko aracamwo. Hanyuma ukureho amazi canke ubuhumane bwirundaniye mu nzira y’amazi n’imiyoboro. Nimba n’ubu nyene bidakora, ndagusavye usanure canke usubirizeho umutwe w’ibarabara, canke gusa usubirizeho ibarabara ryose ry’ibarabara ry’amazi.
Igikoresho c’amakosa ca 2: Inyuma yo gusuzuma, bisangwa ko iyo coil ari yo y’intango kandi ko ubushobozi bw’umuyagankuba ari ubusanzwe iyo coil ifise inguvu, ariko valve ya solenoide iracariko irakora (muri iki gihe, igikorwa c’ubuto bw’amaboko bw’iyo valve solenoide gishobora kuba ari gisanzwe), bikaba vyerekana ko core ya valve ifise amakosa.
Umuti: Turagusavye usanure canke usubirizeho umutwe w’ibarabara, canke gusa usubirizeho ibarabara ryose ry’amazi.
Hejuru ni ivyo biranga canecane amavalve y’umuyaga, n’ingene wocira urubanza uburyo bw’ibirimwo, Kugira ngo umenye amakuru menshi ajanye n’ivyo, genda kurihttps://www.umuziranenge.com/.
